19 posts tagged with "justice"

A strange thing about my job is that, although we're all about supporting K-12 education data interoperability, we don't actually work with any K-12 data. We build software, and others use it to collect data from disparate data sources into a single, unified, and standardized data set. But that does't stop me from thinking about how data should be used.

On a flight out to the #STATSDC2023 conference hosted by the National Center for Educational Statistics (my first time at this event), I finally wrote down my personal principles for ethical / responsible use of data and AI. Many have written about responsible use of data; there is nothing ground breaking here. Yet it feels meaningful, even if only for myself, to acknowledge "out loud" the values and principles that I wish to hold myself accountable for whenever I do use data, encourage others to make use of data, allow my own data to be used, etc.

On July 13, a new statue was placed in the U.S. Capitol: Mary McLeod Bethune. Reading the news, I knew that I had heard this name - yet knew nothing about her. Who was this woman, the first African American to be so honored in the Hall of Statues?

Born into a large family on her parents' farm in 1875 (she was the fifteenth child), she was taught early to look to the Bible for guidance and comfort, despite the family's illiteracy. With help from a benefactress, she enrolled in school at the age of ten and eventually went on to collegiate study. Oft quoted as saying, “[t]he whole world opened up to me when I learned to read,” she went on to live an exceptional life of courage and action on behalf all people, most particularly her fellow African Americans and especially women of color.

It looks like a beautiful morning in Austin, Texas, from the comfort of my feeder-facing position on the couch. Later in the afternoon I will get out and enjoy it on my afternoon walk with All Things Considered. As I write these lines a bully has been at work: a Yellow-Rumped Warbler (Myrtle) has been chasing the other birds away. Thankfully this greedy marauder was absent for most of the morning, as I read portions of Dr. J. Drew Lanham's The Home Place, Memoirs of a Colored Man's Love Affair with Nature.

Are algorithms doomed to be racist and harmful, or is there a legitimate role for them in a just and equitable society?

Algorithms have been causing disproportionate harm to low- and middle-income individuals, especially people of color, since long before this current age of machine learning and artificial intelligence. Two cases in point: neighborhood redlining and credit scores. While residential redlining was a deliberately racist anti-black practice [1], FICO-based credit scoring does not appear to have been created from a racist motive. By amplifying and codifying existing inequities, however, the credit score can easily become another tool for racial oppression [2].

Still, with appropriate measures in place, and a bit of pragmatic optimism, perhaps we can find ways to achieve the scalability/impartiality goals of algorithms while upholding true equity and justice.

Advances in the availability and breadth of data over the past few decades have enabled the rapid and unregulated deployment of statistical algorithms that aim to predict and thereby influence the course of human behavior. Most are designed to promote the corporate bottom line, not the welfare of the people. Those that aim to promote the common good run the danger of straying into authoritarian suppression of freedoms. Regardless of intention, these algorithms often reinforce existing social inequities or present a double-edged sword, with potential for positive use weighed against potential for misuse.

Last month my manager asked me about changing our naming convention for the primary "source of truth" in source code management: from "master" to… well, anything but "master." I admit to initial hesitancy. I needed to think about it. After all, it seems like the name derives from the multimedia concept of a "master copy." It's not like the terribly-named "master-slave" software and hardware patterns. Or is it?

Letter to the City Council of Austin, Texas, in appreciation for action taken this week in response to both the killings of George Floyd and others at the hands of police, and the heavy-handed tactics employed against peaceful protestors.

13 June 2020

Dear City Council Members,

Thank you for passage this week of measures to limit police use of force and begin re-prioritizing the city budget. I strongly support these actions as meaningful steps toward a future where the intrinsic oneness of humanity is fully reflected in our words, our ordinances, and all of our actions.

Systemic inequities require systemic, systematic, and continuous attention through careful study of patterns, consultation on remedies, thoughtful action, and humble evaluation. Without doubt, these steps move us forward on a path. Naturally, questions arise about what next steps may be taken. Further demilitarization of policing, adoption of national standards for use of force, and appropriate funding for social services that reduce the risk of police encounters and escalation should be in the conversation. And, lest one crisis drive us to forget another, continued review of police handling of domestic abuse and rape cases must remain a priority.

Sincerely, Stephen A. Fuqua

Back in the '90s, I remember my parents saying that it was less expensive to inspect their cars in Plano, in Collin County, than a few miles further south in Dallas County - because of the additional emissions inspections required in the latter. I never would have imagined that 20 years later, ten DFW counties are now in non-attainment for smog-producing ozone pollution - and we still have no plan to solve the problem.

Just looking at the smog, we all know it can't be good for any of us. The American Lung Association has a good article on the health effects of ozone pollution. Moreover, studies have shown that air pollution in general has a disproportionate impact on Latino and African-American communities.

In December 2011, I wondered if the opposition to the Keystone XL Pipeline project was truly just, given that Americans do not have the same kind of reaction to actual oil spills in places like Brazil and Nigeria, as to the potential for spills in the United States. Since then, I have learned more about the climate impact of tar sands (which admittedly is still not entirely clear),and given more consideration to the justice and ethics. Thus while I still hold to the main points of my previous blog post — we need to focus on reducing energy consumption, and Americans should be equally concerned about ecological impacts of oil production / transport outside the United States — I am now firmly opposed to the construction of this pipeline, and have signed onto Interfaith Power & Light's letter-writing campaign against the pipeline (dead link removed; SF 2025).

Lately I've been wondering if the Keystone Pipeline isn't more of a NIMBY than anything else. NIMBY stands for Not In My Backyard, and is typically a reference to well-off individuals and communities decrying the building of some unwanted facility "in their backyards" — that is, just down the street or in the general vicinity. For example, in St. Paul, MN there has been an outcry over plans for an electricity-generating incinerator (dead link removed; SF 2025 removed) on the edge of the neighborhood in which I used to live. Now, that is a blue collar neighborhood, not particularly well-off. A classic NIMBY situation is where the well-funded are able to fend-off development, pushing it to some location where the project's opposition are not so well funded. Thus, the NIMBY-effect becomes a matter of eco-justice: the poor end up saddled with the polluting plant, though the rich derive at least as much benefit from the project.